Post Traumatic Stress Disorder: Narrative Review

Abstract

PTSD is an anxiety disorder that occurs after exposure to traumatic stimuli. It is characterized by repetitive memories, mood swings heightened sensitivity and avoidance of stimuli. Exposure to a traumatic events is a necessary condition for diagnosing PTSD and such traumatic events increase the chance of developing PTSD within the first 3 months. Covid -19 epidemics had an impact on mental health. Risk factors include early life traumatic experiences or history of depression in family. The latest version of the dsm-5 includes updated methods for diagnosing PTSD that have been developed over many years. Non-pharmacological treatment can improve the well-being of more than half of PTSD patients through cognitive-behavioural therapy and eye movement sensitization reprocessing. The primary pharmacological treatment for PTSD is through the use of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors. Without treatment, PTSD can result in more symptoms, longer recovery periods, physical, emotional and relational issues as well as increased substance abuse. PTSD can be prevented and managed through treatment and patient care.