Relations among Depression, And Anxiety in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS): The Moderating Role of Social Support and Self-Esteem

Abstract

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine disorder that not only affects women’s physical health but also significantly impacts psychological well-being. Objective: This study aimed to examine the relationships among depression, and anxiety in women with PCOS, with a particular focus on the moderating effects of self-esteem and social support. Method: A cross-sectional correlational design was employed, and 114 women diagnosed with PCOS were recruited from gynecological clinics in Gurugram, India. Participants completed the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale, and the MOS Social Support Survey. Results: Correlation and regression analyses revealed that self-esteem was negatively correlated with both depression and anxiety, and significantly predicted lower levels of both symptoms. However, social support did not significantly moderate or predict depression or anxiety levels. Discussion: These findings suggest that self-esteem plays a more critical role than social support in mitigating psychological distress in women with PCOS. The study highlights the need for mental health interventions targeting self-esteem enhancement to improve psychological outcomes in this population. Future research should explore these relationships longitudinally and across more diverse samples to inform comprehensive and culturally sensitive care strategies.