A Study on Etiology of Self-Injury Behaviour

Abstract

Self-injury behavior (SIB), also known as non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI), is a concerning issue in public health, especially among adolescents and young adults. SIB involves intentionally causing damage to one’s body tissue without intending suicide, often through actions like cutting, burning, or hitting oneself. Despite its prevalence, there’s a lack of comprehensive understanding of what leads to SIB within the general population. This study aimed to fill this gap by exploring the perceived causes and motivations behind SIB. The study included 200 participants from Bangalore, ranging from 13 to 61 years old, selected through convenient probability sampling. Data collection utilized a researcher-designed questionnaire administered online. The questionnaire covered various potential factors contributing to SIB, such as coping mechanisms, traumatic experiences, social media impact, societal and environmental influences, emotional challenges, and mental health issues. Results indicated that mental health problems were seen as the primary cause of SIB, with 80% of participants agreeing with this view. Emotional factors, like difficulty expressing emotions or emotional distress, were the second most cited cause, with 71% agreement. Other factors included societal and environmental influences (46.4%), coping strategies (44.3%), traumatic experiences (43%), and social media’s influence (35.5%). While many recognized trauma, emotions, and mental health as contributing factors, there was uncertainty and varying opinions regarding societal and media influences. Notably, a significant number of respondents believed that SIB serves as a coping or defense mechanism, aligning with existing theories. However, there’s a need for further research to understand the complex interactions of these factors contributing to SIB. This understanding is crucial for developing effective prevention and intervention strategies that are culturally sensitive and comprehensive. Continued efforts in research will contribute significantly to addressing and managing SIB in the general population.