Postpartum Depression: Systematic Review

Abstract

Postpartum depression is among the psychological side effects of childbirth that occur most frequently.  It is a non-psychotic mental illness that strikes new moms in the first six weeks following childbirth. It is characterized by depressive symptoms such mood swings, a loss of joy, a reduction in physical activity, a reduction in function, a drop in self-esteem, and suicidal thoughts. The illness is frequent in the first six weeks following childbirth and, if addressed, can last up to a year. Additionally, maternal depression throughout pregnancy and after delivery has been impacted by the covid-19 pandemic. Tears, emotional bewilderment, dissatisfaction, and restlessness are some symptoms. Due to new mothers altered eating and sleeping patterns, detection is difficult. The most popular instrument for identifying PPD is the Edinburgh postnatal depression scale. Untreated depression can have a bad effect on a child’s behaviour, development, and mother-child relationship. It can also make them more likely to grow up with anxiety and depressive symptoms. Approximately 80% of postpartum mothers have emotional issues in the first few days following delivering. PPD can be prevented and managed with the help of early diagnosis, therapy, and care of the mother.