Prevalence of Sleep Disorders in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease on Hemodialysis and Its Impact on the Quality of Life

Abstract

Aims and Objectives: To determine the prevalence of sleep disorders in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) on hemodialysis in a general hospital setup. Materials and Methods: This is an observational cross-sectional study. 105 patients diagnosed with CKD and undergoing maintenance hemodialysis were evaluated using Epworth sleepiness scale (ESS), Pittsburg sleep quality index (PSQI) to evaluate the sleep disturbance and Kidney Disease Quality of Life Short Form (KDQOL-SF) to evaluate for quality of life. The study was carried out for duration of 1 year. For analytical purpose Chi-square test was used for categorical variables and T-test was used to measure the significance. Results: The mean age of patients undergoing hemodialysis was 51.29 ± 15.26 years. Males outnumbered females in the study population. About 99% of the patients had co-morbid hypertension and 48.5% had co-morbid diabetes mellitus.64.8% of the patients got adequate sleep and 35.3% patients had complains of reduced sleep on Epworth Sleepiness Scale. The quality of sleep assessed using Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index showed that 27.6 % of the patients had good quality sleep and 72.4% had poor sleep quality. The higher transformed score on KDQOL-SF was obtained for the work status and dialysis staff encouragement and they were 86.07 and 84.40 respectively. This was followed by the effects of kidney disease and symptom list with scores of 78.57 and 72.06 respectively. The sexual functioning value was the least. Conclusion: There is high prevalence of co-morbid sleep disturbance in patients with CKD on dialysis. It is important to screen all patients of chronic kidney disease for sleep disturbance which could help in improving the compliance towards medications and there by improve the quality of life.