A qualitative study: effect of sport participation on general mental health of athletes with intellectual disabilities from special Olympics Bharat

Abstract

Objective: This qualitative study aims at exploring the effect of sports participation on the general mental health of athletes with intellectual disabilities from Special Olympics Bharat. Method: In-depth interviews conducted with 20 athletes with intellectual disabilities from various states of India and thematic analysis of the data has been carried out. Results: Thematic analysis revealed seven themes which assessed the athlete’s perceptions related to their sport in various domains of mental health. Athletes stated a surge in their level of confidence since they started participating in the sport which further enhanced their communication and team work skills. Athletes also feel that their social skills have improved, leading to more bonding and belonging in their relationships. Athletes also feel more independent and have developed positive qualities such as leadership through their sport. Lastly, their sport has also helped them overcome various barriers by providing them with facilitators such as increased opportunities and guidance from experts. Conclusion: The analysis and findings conclude that participating in sports help enhance an athlete’s confidence, their relationships and helps them become more independent. Athletes face some personal and environmental barriers while playing their sport, but they are able to overcome them through numerous facilitators in their life. All in all, being an athlete of Special Olympics Bharat and regularly getting the opportunities to participate in sports and related events improves an athlete’s general mental health.