Relationship Between Parenting Style & Self-esteem among Young Adults

Abstract

The present study examined the relationship between parenting style and self-esteem among young adults using a sample of 183 participants. Standardized questionnaires, namely the Parental Authority Questionnaire (PAQ) and the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES), were used to assess parenting styles and self-esteem. The results revealed a significant negative correlation between parenting style and self-esteem (r = –.346, p < .01). All three parenting styles—permissive, authoritarian, and authoritative—showed significant negative relationships with self-esteem. These findings suggest that parenting practices perceived as excessive control, inadequate guidance, or high expectations may reduce feelings of autonomy and self-worth. The study further indicates that the effects of parenting styles on self-esteem may vary across individuals and cultural contexts, highlighting the importance of balanced and supportive parenting practices for healthy emotional development.