Impact of Yogic Practices on Brain Function, Memory, and Neuroplasticity

Abstract

We investigate the effects of yoga on the structure, function, memory, and neuroplasticity of the brain, with a focus on asanas (physical postures), pranayama (breath regulation), and dhyana (meditation). Recent research in neuroimaging, physiology, and behavior indicates that yoga has a beneficial effect on brain and cognitive functions. Increased grey-matter volume in the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus, regions essential for memory, attention, and executive function, has been associated with regular practice. Additionally, yoga seems to improve neurotransmitter control, especially by increasing levels of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), which support mental clarity and serenity. Increased heart-rate variability, a sign of improved autonomic balance, promotes brain flexibility and resilience even more. Through increased focus, emotional control, and less stress reactivity, yoga may mechanistically improve memory. Despite promising findings, the majority of the available data is derived from cross-sectional or quasi-experimental designs, which restricts the ability to infer causal relationships. There aren’t many long-term randomized trials that look at the long-term neurological or cognitive changes brought on by yoga practice. To elucidate dose-response connections and individual differences, future research should prioritize longitudinal and mechanistic studies. All things considered, including yoga into programs for cognitive health and rehabilitation has a great chance of fostering neuroplasticity, emotional stability, and cognitive lifespan.